Before going to the terms of the requirements for the use of the mezzanine floor. Must understand the design standards of structural steel buildings by means of resistance factor and load weight of The Engineering Institute of Thailand (EIT 1020) states about the design for good usability and other considerations in Chapter 1, section 1.5, “Should check the good usability of the whole structure and Each building element,
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Including tracks and principles, is a requirement for designing for the best functioning of the building. The structure is stipulated in Chapter 12.” Chapter 12 provides topics that designers must consider as detailed above. In the above, both cambered curve, expansion and contraction, deflection, vibration Lateral displacement, housing of joints and corrosion This issue has been discussed in the “Steel Building Design Guide steel structure” of the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning
It can be seen that many standards in Thailand have not been discussed in detail in consideration. The design of the structure to be able to use very well. Therefore, this guideline has referenced the criteria Consider good usability. According to the standards of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE): ASCE 7 “Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures”, it states that Structural systems and building elements used as structural systems Must be designed to have the ability to withstand deformation or have sufficient stiffness to control deflection. lateral shift vibration or the movement of any part within the limits without affecting the performance of the building to decrease. Structure design for good operability It is not a condition in which it is compulsory to be strictly complied with, but it is a condition that is recommended for the model to consider. Laha with the project owner. Tia can design food that has good performance that is sufficient to meet the needs of the building owner. for building owners Or building users feel comfortable and safe to use.
In the ASCE 7 standard, recommendations on weights and gross weights for inspections. good operability of the building For the vertical deflection resistance limit of the main frame components (vertical deflection) in order to have good workability. The total payload should be considered as follows: DL (Dead load)+ LL (Live load)
The recommendations for the forces used to determine the good workability limit conditions listed above are conditions for determining whether the building structure exhibits excessive vertical deformation to the extent that it is can be seen with the naked eye or there is damage resulting in cracks that are not cracks that result on the strength or bearing capacity of the structure, such as damage to interior materials, reflecting the short-term damp effect on the building
For consideration of limited squat conditions of long-term capability, long-term work, one disc is associated with creep (cretep), settlement, or other effects that may be permanent, ASCE 7 requires that the total load be considered. As follows: DL + 0.5LL,12.1-11
With respect to lateral shifts (chrifts), it is common practice to consider criteria. The limit for story drift is 1/600 to 1/400, but should not exceed 10 mm in order to prevent damage to non-structural parts. This limit value may be reduced. As appropriate according to the consideration of the designers, both architects and engineers. If there is preparation and Perform appropriate joint detailing for non-structural elements. To support the Entivana is caused by the total payload used to check the relevant good operability. thread movement The short-term side effect is calculated from DL 0.5LL+0.7Wa,[2.1-2].
Where Wa is the wind load at limited operating conditions. (for considering the wind speed in the 10-year retrospective period)
For details on how to consider good usability. It is presented in the AISC Design Guide 3. Serviceability Design Considerations for Steel Buildings, which is a design guideline. The ability to use it well. Produced by the American Institute of Steel Constructors (ASC), it specifies the design criteria for workability for consideration of the following elements or considerations:
- roof (roofing)
- skylights
- External building walls (cladding)
- Interior partitions and ceilings
- Vibration
- Equipment
Criteria for determining most of the above elements will be a criterion that limits the movement or The deformation of a structure or part of a structure is either relative (relative displacement) or absolute (absolute displacement). The display of feedback from external forces will be a consideration for designers. In addition, designers are needed. to analyze relevant variables and conditions with consistency Starting from the determination of the force used in the analysis method or process of analysis. to the criteria or framework for consideration otherwise Considering the usability well, it may not achieve the objectives that the designer or owner wants.
The design guidelines of the AISC Design Guide 3 stipulate different criteria for consideration. according to different building usage characteristics, Designers should define the terms of the design for Good workability in accordance with engineering practice. But it must be in line with the needs. of the project owner However, if the designer has to work in a specific area, such as in a designated country. Good usability criteria are provided in the laws of that country. It is necessary for the designer to must strictly comply with such laws
For steel structure systems It is widely used in buildings with different characteristics or usage patterns. different jobs The use of each type of building will have criteria to consider the ability to work. Good usability that is suitable for that type of building. For industrial buildings and warehouses, the details of consideration can be summarized as follows.
Warehouse (storage/warehouses)
In general, warehouses today are single-storey buildings and have the characteristics of the building. Most of these types are closed buildings. with a wide open space without any obstacles, which is an important criterion for consideration For the design, good usability is
Roof tightness and drainage
Structural stability in case of waterlogging
deflection of the roof structure
Sheeting of wall support points and crossbars
Lateral displacement of the building frame
seam when expansion
Manufacturing plant (manufacturing)
Modern manufacturing plants are large single-story structures. Which may consist of a mezzanine floor with a wide area, so there should be a mandate in considering the design of good usability for this type of building use. The things that should be considered include
- Roof slope and drainage.
- Stability of the structure in case of water logging.
- deflection of the roof structure
- Attachment of the wall support point and the crossbar frame.
- Lateral displacement of the main structure.
- expansion joints
- The vibration of the mezzanine floor area.
- hanging equipment
- Crane operation
- Corrosion
- Vibration from machinery or tools.
In addition to the criteria for considering the good usability mentioned above Designers can also study information. More information can be found in the design guidelines of the American Institute of Steel Construction, AISC Design Guide 7: Industrial Buildings – Roofs to Column Anchorage.
Heavy Industrial Mill Buildings
The construction of industrial buildings and heavy goods plants is well considered for workability. similar to the general manufacturing plant But the designer may have to consider the crane usage. More to be sure that the building can be used appropriately and efficiently Steel Association Design Guidelines United States of America, Volume 7, Industrial Buildings: Roofs to Column Anchorage, contains useful content for designing such buildings. by the framework of the criteria for Considering the design of good workability for industrial buildings or heavy goods factories include
- Crane operation
- Roof ejection and drainage.
- Stability of the structure in case of water logging.
- deflection of the roof structure
- Support points for walls and escaping of crossbars.
- Lateral movement of the building frame.
- expansion joints
